ShodhPatra: International Journal of Science and Humanities

Repositioning Millets in India’s Agro-Ecology: A Sustainable Pathway to Climate-Resilient Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods

Millets, a diverse group of small-seeded grasses, are widely cultivated globally for cereal crop production and are lauded for their exceptional nutritional and environmental benefits. Millets are versatile, drought-resistant crops requiring minimal inputs, thriving in harsh climatic conditions, and contributing significantly to sustainable agriculture. They offer dual benefits as food and fodder, while also mitigating climate change by reducing carbon emissions and minimizing the need for chemical fertilizers. India, a major producer of millets, particularly in states like Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Gujarat, is promoting millet cultivation due to its adaptability to low rainfall and high-temperature regions. Millets, such as pearl millet, sorghum, and finger millet, are vital for ensuring food security, enhancing farmers' incomes, and supporting climate-resilient agriculture. Additionally, they are recognized as "smart food" for their ability to address nutrition, resilience, and sustainability challenges. Sustainable millet farming aligns with the goals of reducing groundwater depletion, optimizing resource use, and mitigating the environmental impacts of traditional farming practices, offering a pathway to sustainable agricultural development in India and beyond.