ShodhPatra: International Journal of Science and Humanities

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern Classrooms: Benefits, Barriers, and Responsible Adoption

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing contemporary educational practices by enabling data-driven instruction, personalized learning experiences, and automated academic support systems. Technologies such as intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, and AI-based assessment tools have the potential to enhance student engagement, improve learning outcomes, and support teachers in instructional decision-making. However, alongside these benefits, the integration of AI in classroom settings presents significant challenges, including concerns related to algorithmic bias, academic integrity, data privacy, unequal access to technology, and limited teacher preparedness. This review paper critically analyses existing research on the role of AI in education, examining both its opportunities and associated risks. The paper further discusses ethical, responsible, and context-sensitive strategies for effective AI implementation in classrooms. By addressing pedagogical, ethical, and institutional considerations, the study aims to support educators, policymakers, and stakeholders in leveraging AI to create inclusive, equitable, and meaningful learning environments suited to the demands of 21st-century education.