ShodhPatra: International Journal of Science and Humanities

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and INA: Architect of Armed Resistance and International Alliances in India’s Freedom Struggle

This paper attempts to explore the pivotal role of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army (INA) in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule, emphasizing his unique path of armed struggle and international alliances. Despite the mainstream non-violent approach led by Mahatma Gandhi, Netaji chose a militant and international strategy to fight imperialism. His revolutionary vision, leadership qualities, and indomitable spirit established him as one of the most influential figures in India's independence movement. The present paper highlights Netaji’s early life, education, ideological journey, political career, and leadership role in the Indian National Congress. It also examines his international diplomacy with Axis powers (Germany and Japan) during World War II and the reorganization of the INA. A major finding of the study is the nationwide impact of the INA trials in 1945 which shook the very foundations of the British government and gave a new energy and strength to the national movement. In conclusion, while Netaji’s dream of liberating India through armed struggle was not fulfilled, the path he chose was truly unique – one rarely seen in history. His courage and deep patriotism continue to inspire generations. Even today, his lifelong dedication to the nation motivates millions of Indians. Key-words: armed struggle, freedom, Indian National Army, movement