| 1 |
Author(s):
J. S. Jayasree.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
1-5
|
A Separate Realization and Independence: A Study of Individualism in Chetan Bhagat’s Works
Abstract
Individualism is a philosophical and social reality that improves the value of the individual over the group or culture, presenting for personality, self-reality, and freedom of an individual. This doctrine promotes the pursuit of individual goals, desires and self- satisfaction, often revealing the individuals central to moral, political and social discussions. While individualism is a real factor contrasted with collectivism and totalitarianism, it has been linked with both positive and negative factors throughout history. Critics have associated it to self-absorption and selfishness, while argue that it accelerates creativity, personal development and democratic values.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Koijam Pushparani, Dr. M. Shanti Devi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
6-16
|
Analysis of Electoral Phases in Manipur: Fragmentation, Coalition and Reconfigured Political Landscape (1948-2022)
Abstract
The article traces the evolution of the party system in Manipur from the pre-integration and post-integration period to the contemporary era. It analyses the electoral outcomes from 1948 to 2022 to map the changing dynamics of power, the persistence of coalition politics, and the recent move towards a bipolar contest dominated by national parties in the state. From the first assembly polls in 1972 onwards—the article constructs a detailed narrative of political change, continuity, and fragmentation. The article also focuses on the state-based parties, like the Manipur People’s Party (MPP) serving as a quintessential example of the promises and perils of regional politics in the state. The electoral history of Manipur reveals a political landscape in constant evolution, yet underpinned by the structural need for coalitions. The journey from a multi-party fragmented system to Congress dominance, and now to BJP pre-eminence, reflects both local political dynamics and the broader integration of the region into national political currents. This recent phase underscores the successful expansion of the BJP's national project into the Northeast and the relative decline, though not elimination, of the Congress and older regional parties like the MPP. Understanding this evolution is crucial for comprehending the intersection of regional identity, national politics, and governance in India's periphery.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Izaz Hussain.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
17-25
|
Animal Symbolism and Political Dissidence: A Comparative Study of Ian McEwan’s The Cockroach and George Orwell’s Animal Farm
Abstract
This research paper attempts to make a comparative study between Ian McEwan's The Cockroach and George Orwell's Animal Farm to examine how animal imagery is used in satirical prose, with special emphasis on political satire. It would also try to study how the literary technique named animal imagery has a significant impact on contemporary readers to interpret political meanings and contexts. The research paper would also try to shed light on the concept of dehumanization, and to delineate how humans are equated to particular animalistic traits, to highlight the corruption and filth entrenched in them. The paper would also try to interrogate how both the texts, can be read as political allegories on The Brexit and on Russian Revolution respectively. In this context, the paper would also try to depict how language becomes a political tool in the hands of the government to propagate their ideology. Through the theoretical framework of Marxism, the paper would study how various state apparatuses have been implemented to ideologically condition its subjects and thus repress them. The paper shall also try to analyze how the powerholders by employing radical policies such as 'Reversalism' in The Cockroach and ‘Revolution’ in Animal Farm, conceivably can go to any length to hold on to power. The research paper is governed by the hypothesis that even though both the novels have been placed in different historical contexts yet there is an explicit, if not implicit, critique of the government and the workings of law in it.
Keywords: totalitarianism, ideology, political satire, dehumanization, state apparatus
| 4 |
Author(s):
Raghabendra Garai.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
26-33
|
A Holistic Dramatic–Cognitive Theory of Understanding Shakespeare
Abstract
The Holistic Dramatic-Cognitive Theory offers an integrative interpretive model that accounts for how meaning is generated in Shakespeare’s dramatic works through a system of interaction among textual structure, performative embodiment, historical context, and cognitive engagement. While dominant interpretive schools in Shakespeare studies—including formalism, historicism, performance criticism, psychoanalysis, and cognitive poetics—have illuminated different dimensions of Shakespeare’s dramaturgy, none has fully explained the unified mechanism through which meaning emerges. Drawing upon literary theory, theatre studies, classical poetics, and cognitive science, this theory demonstrates that Shakespeare’s works generate meaning through the dynamic interaction of structural, performative, contextual, and cognitive elements. Cognitive literary theory supports this model by showing that readers construct meaning through mental simulation, reasoning, and emotional engagement (Stockwell). Similarly, performance theory substantiates the claim that dramatic meaning is realized through embodiment rather than textual abstraction alone (McConachie). By conceptualizing interpretation as a systemic and recursive process, the theory explains the interpretive multiplicity, psychological realism, and cultural adaptability of Shakespeare’s works. It thus offers a theoretically coherent and scientifically grounded framework capable of advancing Shakespearean scholarship, pedagogy, and performance studies.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Susmita Maji.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
34-39
|
Critiquing Heteronormativity in Queer Young Adult Fiction of Casey McQuiston’s Red White & Royal Blue
Abstract
Abstract
Fictional works are a great way to raise awareness in society. They allow people to connect with different aspects of life, such as LGBTQIA+ individuals, family members, and friends. American author Casey McQuiston’s young adult romance novel Red, White & Royal Blue (2019) is well known for representing same sex love in elite society. The story of the novel Red, White & Royal Blue revolves around Alex Claremont Diaz, the son of the first Female President of the United States who is in a same-sex relationship with Prince Henry of Wales. The plot is about the so-called enemies turning into lovers, the blooming romance between these two famous and powerful public figures, and the difficulties of the same-sex relationship they faced and overcame along with Political and Royal matters. Homosexuality is a matter of convenience to addresses issues such as coming out, complexities of acceptance, hiding sexual orientation, and family, and encouraging queer individuals to be brave, proud and accept themselves. The references mentioned above explore the issues of identity, sexual orientation, self-discovery, coming to terms with them, family, friends and homophobia. They also challenge traditional gender roles and address heterosexual normativity, which legitimizes itself by subjugating and othering peoples of non-heteronormative sexuality.
Keywords: Identity, heteronormativity, sexuality exploration, self-discovery, acceptance, young adult, fictional.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Pooja Devi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Law
Page No:
40-53
|
Tea’s Bitter Truth: Health, Rights, And Women Workers in Assam’s Tea Sector
Abstract
This article, “Tea’s Bitter Truth: Health, Rights, and Women Workers in Assam’s Tea Sector,” delves into the complex realities faced by women laborers in one of India’s most significant agricultural industries. Assam’s tea sector, globally renowned and economically vital, relies heavily on women workers who form the backbone of plantation labor. The article begins by contextualizing the historical development and economic relevance of the Assam tea industry, highlighting the predominance of women in its workforce and the gendered division of labor that shapes their roles and experiences.
A central focus is placed on the multitude of health challenges confronting women tea workers. These include exposure to occupational hazards, maternal health issues, malnutrition, and the burden of mental health concerns—problems that were further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted healthcare access, heightened vulnerability to illness, and intensified social and economic insecurities. The article also examines the legal and policy frameworks intended to protect workers’ rights, such as the Plantation Labour Act and Minimum Wages Act, while critically assessing the gap between legislation and actual implementation.
Furthermore, the article explores persistent gender discrimination, economic exploitation, and barriers to leadership that women face, compounded by intersecting factors such as caste and ethnicity.. The roles of the state, corporations, and consumers are scrutinized, culminating in recommendations for policy reform, improved welfare provisions, and gender empowerment. Ultimately, the article calls for urgent and coordinated action to safeguard health and rights in Assam’s tea sector, ensuring justice and dignity for its women workers.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Sumana Mitra, Dr. Abhishek Das.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Adult and Continuing Education
Page No:
54-73
|
AI-Powered Election Manipulation: A Critical Analysis of Disinformation Tactics and Democratic Safeguards
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the electoral political scene in recent years by deploying advanced disinformation strategies that put the integrity of democracy at risk. This study aims to examine how AI-powered technologies like bots, deepfakes, and algorithmic amplification are used to influence public opinion and election results, with a particular emphasis on their effects in democratic communities. This research uses a mixed-methods approach, combining discourse analysis, network analysis, expert interviews, and policy analysis, utilizing the Framing Theory and the Computational Propaganda Framework. The study pinpoints important trends in AI-driven disinformation tactics, such as microtargeting, the spread of synthetic media, and coordinated inauthentic behavior, by looking at high-profile election case studies, such as the 2020 U.S. elections and European parliamentary campaigns. Additionally, it offers a critical analysis of the democratic safeguards that governments, civil society, and digital platforms have put in place to address these dangers, assessing their efficacy and restrictions. When confronted with the rapid evolution of digital manipulation, the results illustrate the resilience and weaknesses of democratic institutions. This research adds to the scholarly discussion by providing a nuanced perspective on the interaction between technological breakthroughs, political communication, and democratic procedures. In addition, it provides practical advice to policymakers, tech firms, and civil society organizations working to improve electoral integrity in the era of artificial intelligence.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Ms. Tanya, Prof. Monica Munjial Singh, Dr. Rameez Manzoor.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Work
Page No:
74-85
|
Digital Empowerment of Marginalised Women Workers: Pathways through Literacy and Skill Development
Abstract
Marginalised women in the unorganised sector in India continue to face structural inequalities in education, healthcare and economic participation. This paper examines the transformative potential of digital literacy and skill development for empowering women tea plantation workers. The paper critically evaluates the intersections of gender, labour, law, and digital inclusion. It examines how digital interventions, ranging from financial literacy and telehealth to skill diversification and e-commerce, can strengthen women’s bargaining power, improve health outcomes and enhance their autonomy. The paper also reviews policy frameworks, such as the Plantation Labour Act (1951), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and the Digital India initiative, assessing their role in shaping women's empowerment. Theoretical frameworks including Sen's capability approach, intersectionality and Information and Communication Technology for Development, are employed to interpret the findings. The study highlights challenges such as digital divides, patriarchal constraints and poor law enforcement, while identifying pathways for integrating digital literacy with social work practice and grassroots activism. The paper concludes that digital empowerment, when coupled with legislative enforcement and community-based interventions, can foster inclusive growth and sustainable development for marginalised women workers.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Dr. Ningthoukhongjam Sophia Devi, Dr. Nongmaithem Sanjoy Singh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
86-97
|
Skill Development and Integration of Vocational Education into Mainstream School: With Special Reference to National Education Policy 2020
Abstract
The process of acquiring, improving and enhancing a wide range of skills and competencies is term as skill development. It is to know the ability of the people and extend their support by giving them with guidance, infrastructure, opportunities and encouragement that help to get their aims. It consists of the delibrate and continuous effort to developed knowledge, expertise and capabilities in specific areas to meet the demands of one’s work or to enhance their growth and development. Again, it helps to developed attributes and qualities significant to effective performance. It plays a vital role in the development of dynamic and competitive business world of the people. The NEP 2020 emphasized on skill development, ensuring that students are not just academically inclined but are also equipped with practical skills that can enhance employability. The NEP 2020 lay more emphasizes on different significant skills with focus on 21st century skills such as critical thinking and problem solving and also give special attention on vocational education through integration and mainstreaming of vocational education with general education to guide students in getting different skills to meet the essential requirement and develop the quality of education. Vocational education plays a significant role in the enhancement of human resource of a country by making manpower skill, growth in industrial productivity and enhancing quality life. The government of India provide more importance to vocational education. The NEP also emphasized the starting of systematic, well planned and rigorously implemented vocational education programme which will bring development in employability, less in number the mismatch between demand and supply of skilled manpower and give an alternative to those having tertiary education without purpose or interest. This paper will discuss about the skill development and integration of vocational education in the mainstream education with special reference to NEP 2020.
Key words
Skill development, NEP 2020, 21st century skills, Vocational education, Mainstream school.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Dr. Anjum Sahidullah.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
98-105
|
Pro-Environmental Behaviour among Secondary School Students of Kamrup (Metropolitan) and Kamrup Districts of Assam
Abstract
Many environmental problems are anthropogenic in nature meaning that these issues are driven by human behaviour. Mankind is responsible for degradation of the environment which we are currently witnessing today. Man has to modify his behaviour from being an endless consumer of resources to a conserver of environment. Man should be committed towards the conservation of environment and should utilize his values for developing behaviour which would preserve environment. Pro-environmental behaviour can be defined as that behaviour which an individual consciously chooses for minimizing the negative effects of their actions on the environment. It can also be defined as that behaviour which is judged in the context of the considered society as a protective way of environmental behaviour or a tribute to the healthy environment. The present study is an attempt to study the pro-environmental behaviour of secondary school students with regard to gender and locality. The sample of the study consisted of 200 students of class IX affiliated to the Assam State School Education Board (Erstwhile SEBA) in Kamrup (Metropolitan) and Kamrup districts of Assam. The sample consisted of 100 female and 100 male students. Out of 200 students, 100 belonged to Kamrup (Metropolitan) and 100 belonged to Kamrup districts of Assam. The present study has followed Descriptive research method. The sample was randomly selected through stratified random sampling technique. The sample was stratified on the basis of gender and locale. Pro-environmental Behaviour Scale (PEBS-SA) developed by A. Suhane (2012) was used in the study. This study has used simple percentage method, descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as t test to analyse and interpret the data. The results revealed that the secondary school students possessed average level of Pro-Environmental Behaviour. No significant difference was found in pro- environmental behaviour of secondary school students with regard to gender and locality.
Key words: Pro-Environmental Behaviour, Gender, Secondary School students, Locality
| 11 |
Author(s):
Sharmistha Saha.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
106-111
|
Algorithmic Governance and the Architectures of Exclusion : A Study of Bio-Politics in Contemporary Indian Speculative Fiction
Abstract
This paper explores the chilling intersection of digital governance and social stratification in contemporary Indian Speculative Fiction. It investigates the emergence of “Digitised Sovereignty” in contemporary Indian Speculative Fiction specifically focusing on Prayaag Akbar’s ‘Leila’ (2017) and Lavanya Lakshminarayan’s ‘Analog/Virtual’ (2020). Michel Foucault’s paradigm of bio-politics synthesizing here with Ruha Benjamin’s concept of “New Jim Code” – recontextualized as a “New Caste Code” , this study argue that Indian Speculative Fiction maps a critical transition from physical state discipline to an automated and algorithmic governance.
This study describes the term “Techno – Casteism” as a process by which modern data-driven architectures codify historical Brahminical preoccupations with ‘Purity’ and ‘Productivity’ into unassailable code. Through an analysis of the “sector walls” in Leila and the “Social productivity bell curve” in Analog/Virtual, the paper reveals how this fictional dystopias function as ‘architectures of exclusion’. These systems do not merely manage population, they automate social stratification, effectively creating a high-tech discrimination of traditional Indian hierarchies. Ultimately this study positioned speculative fiction as a vital tool of resistance to challenge the invisible violence of digital segregation. This intervention emphasizes the urgency of scrutinizing the ‘Code’ to prevent the permanent erasure of marginalized section.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Chandan Mandal, Dr. Payel Giri, Ahammod Mallick.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
112-120
|
Man-Making and Nation-Building: Vivekananda’s Educational Vision in Today’s India
Abstract
Man-Making and Nation-Building: Vivekananda’s Educational Vision in Today’s India examines the relevance of Swami Vivekananda’s ideas in contemporary Indian education. Vivekananda believed that true education should develop character, self-confidence, moral values, and spiritual strength, which he described as “man-making.” It focuses on understanding concepts such as man-making education, value-based learning, and nation-building as proposed by Swami Vivekananda, and relates them to present educational realities. The research design used in this study is qualitative and descriptive-analytical. The study is based entirely on secondary sources, including: books and writings of Swami Vivekananda, educational philosophies and commentaries, government policy documents (especially NEP 2020), research journals, articles, theses, and reports related to education and values. The collected data will be analysed using content analysis, comparative analysis and thematic analysis. Vivekananda’s vision helps balance modern scientific and technical education with moral, spiritual, and cultural values—making education a true force for national development and human welfare. It concludes that Vivekananda’s vision remains highly relevant for modern India.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Pradip Dutta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
121-131
|
Reimagining Teacher Education in India: AI-Enabled Pedagogy, Assessment, and Human–AI Collaboration for 21st Century Classrooms
Abstract
There is an urgent need to rethink teacher education in India due to the rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which is changing educational institutions globally. The integration of AI into professional preparation frameworks, assessment systems, and pedagogical practices in teacher education is conceptually examined in this study. The study examines the potential of AI-enabled tools to promote competency-based assessment, reflective teaching practices, and individualized learning, drawing on current literature and policy viewpoints from the Ministry of Education and the National Council for Teacher Education.
The analysis highlights emerging pedagogical innovations such as adaptive learning environments, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated assessment technologies that enable real-time feedback and data-informed instructional decisions. In order to preserve human judgment, professional autonomy, and socioemotional engagement in the learning process, the study highlights that AI should work as a collaborative partner rather than a replacement for educators.
Based on a synthesis of literature and theoretical frameworks, the study proposes an AI-Integrated Teacher Education Model (AITEM) structured around four interrelated pillars: AI-enabled pedagogy, smart competency-based assessment, teacher AI literacy and professional development, and ethical human-centred governance. The study makes the case that balanced human-AI partnership, which enhances teaching efficacy while guaranteeing the ethical and responsible use of emerging technology, is the key to the future of teacher education in India.
| 14 |
Author(s):
Meenakshi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
132-143
|
Caste Playing Significant Role in Creating Gender Identity in India
Abstract
This research article examines the intricate relationship between gender identity and caste, emphasizing the influence of caste systems on the establishment, maintenance, and negotiation of gender roles in society. This investigation investigates the impact of historical, cultural, and socio-political factors on the intersection of gender and caste through historiographical analysis and interdisciplinary literature. The paper analyzes the substantial contributions made by researchers throughout history, with a particular emphasis on the evolution of concepts regarding caste as a determinant of gender identity. The systemic mechanisms through which caste sustains gendered hierarchies are the focus of this research, which employs qualitative and interpretive approaches to conduct textual analysis, ethnographic investigations, and archival research.
The results suggest that gender norms are consistently reinforced through caste-related activities, such as school and public space access, labor divisions, and marriage customs. Additionally, they disclose stories of resistance that challenge these frameworks. The discourse contextualizes these discoveries within comprehensive discussions of caste politics, patriarchy, and intersectionality, with a particular emphasis on Dalit feminist critiques. This paper argues that a nuanced understanding of caste is essential, as it is a critical aspect of identity that intersects with gender. It encourages policymakers and scholars to address these intricate disparities in order to promote a more equitable society.
Keywords: socio-political factors, historiographical analysis, gender identity, Dalit feminist critiques, ethnographic investigations
| 15 |
Author(s):
Dr. Garima Kalita.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Humanities
Page No:
144-151
|
Driving Pleasure to the Precipice: Disjunction of Culture in Crisis
Abstract
The double edged sword of capitalism despite its pre oriented drive for pleasure at moments
sees through the double binding of catastrophe and extinction and professes the yearning for
the new civilizational process of co existence and inclusivity among human and the non human.
But how durable or sustainable that ‘reality ‘is perhaps is the vital question that needs to be
probed here. Freudian ‘Pleasure Principle’ and the contrastively connoted ‘Reality Principle’ are
two such tenable axises that could be read alongside the individual and collective conscious
with deep subterranean trajectories now in the contemporary time of Anthropocene! Desire,
like capital becomes autonomous beyond conscious human intervention and moves along the
tidal wave of profit , utility and self centric pragmatism and loses itself in the dark hole of self
extinction bringing cataclysmic threat for an overall tragedy. Freud cited in his momentous
treatise Civilization and Its Discontent , the dialectic of Eros and Thanatos and on the same
plane brings his “Beyond the pleasure principle”, which as he says reiterates or insists
repetition as a compulsive drive. He also refers to this principle of pleasure as the core drive
that entails the “purpose of life”. But he also poses a counter premise and that is, It governs ‘
the functioning of the mind. But what is important and most relevant here is that , as said by
him , all the institutions of the universe are opposed to the idea of man being ‘happy’ , because
there is no such plan in the creation ! And it cannot be realized.
So with this self centric agenda , humans or maybe the lords of the capital could now put up
with a last endeavor to stall the self destructive victory march that would hurl everyone down
the precipice.
To revert this maybe the same norms need to be revoked , same ethics applied to the individual
and the collective . In the wake of the crisis unfolding before the world , the endless growth
capitalism needs to be curbed by rigid social and moral code of conduct , a rationalization of
consumption , sustainable water distribution in equitable manner and production of renewable
energy sources along with infrastructure development at a minimum pace etc. “ So ultimately
the pleasure principle has to temper itself and under the influence of the external world
transforms into “ the more modest ‘reality principle’. So our contention is ,the mad onrush of
‘Pleasure hunters’ needs to be curtailed, their desire for profit alone needs to be dissipated, for
a broader human benefit that would be availed by both human and the non human. This honest
partaking of the resources is the strict imperative in this moment of crisis.
Keywords : Anthropocene, Capital, Desire, Pleasure , Real and Reality
| 16 |
Author(s):
Dr. Rakesh Kumar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
152-157
|
Strategic Autonomy Revisited: India’s Geopolitical Balancing Between Russia, the West, and China in the Post–Ukraine War International Order
Abstract
The foreign policy of India since the Ukraine War has shown an extremely subtle way of maintaining strategic autonomy while at the same time attempting to balance out long-standing relationships with Russia on one hand and increasing involvement with the West on the other while exercising extreme caution with respect to the development of India-China relations. This research will be examining how the invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022 has caused the world to become increasingly more polarized which is causing India to have to continue to attempt to navigate the tensions of being in a multipolar world and to avoid completely being aligned with any of the major power blocks. Historical alliances as well as the current changes in the geopolitical landscape are analyzed to illustrate the many ways in which India is currently attempting to maintain its dependence on Russia for defense, as well as increase its economic and security cooperation with the West, as well as to reduce the tensions with China on the border. It is found in this study that India's actions to remain neutral (or balanced) between competing powers will strengthen India's place in a multipolar world; however, India still faces many obstacles in the form of the growing alignment between China and Russia. Therefore, the approach that India has taken will not only preserve India's autonomy, but it will also contribute to the stabilization of the world through the creation of multi-alliance approaches.
| 17 |
Author(s):
Neha.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Gender Studies
Page No:
158-164
|
When the Subaltern Speaks: Subverting Power Structures in Mahasweta Devi’s “Dhouli”
Abstract
This paper reads Mahasweta Devi’s short story “Dhouli” as a text that brings a silenced, subaltern subject into the field of representation and thereby challenges the power structures that sustain her marginalization. Using Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s theoretical idea of the “subaltern”,the paper argues that Devi not only uses narrative perspective, characterization, and social detail to make Dhouli’s suffering visible,she also complicates the idea that the subaltern can be simply “given a voice” by elite discourses. The analysis shows how Dhouli documents everyday injustices (rape, abandonment, starvation, social ostracism) and stages small acts of resistance that unsettle the logic of caste, patriarchy, and class. The story performs a kind of ethical witnessing as it refuses to reduce Dhouli to a passive object of pity and compels readers to recognise the structural causes of her suffering and the agency she exercises in survival and refusal.
| 18 |
Author(s):
प्रियंका श्रीवास्तव .
Country:
India
Research Area:
Hindi
Page No:
165-171
|
बाज़ारवादी संस्कृति और 21वीं सदी का स्त्री लेखन : मानवीय संवेदनाओं का संकट
Abstract
शोध सार
भूमंडलीकरण के पश्चात विकसित हुई बाजारवादी संस्कृति ने समाज की संरचना व मूल्यबोध को गहरे स्तर पर प्रभावित किया है। यह संस्कृति आवश्यकता के अनुरूप बाजार के निर्माण के स्थान पर बाजार की उपलब्धता के अनुसार आवश्यकताओं का निर्माण करती है, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप व्यक्ति उपभोक्ता में रूपांतरित हो गया है। भारत जैसे विकासशील देश में इसका प्रभाव विशेषतः मध्यवर्ग और स्त्री जीवन पर अधिक गहरा पड़ा है। 21वीं सदी के हिंदी स्त्री लेखन ने इस बाजार संचालित सभ्यता, उपभोक्तावाद, विज्ञापन संस्कृति, सौंदर्य के विकृत प्रतिमानों, नशा, अपराध और मानव तस्करी जैसी समस्याओं को न केवल रेखांकित किया है, बल्कि इनके विरुद्ध प्रतिरोध का स्वर भी निर्मित किया है। यह शोध-पत्र अलका सरावगी, निर्मला भुराड़िया, अल्पना मिश्र, मधु कांकरिया, जयश्री राय, अनामिका आदि लेखिकाओं की रचनाओं के माध्यम से यह विश्लेषण करता है कि किस प्रकार बाजारवादी संस्कृति मानवीय संवेदनाओं के क्षरण का कारण बन रही है और स्त्री लेखन इस संकट को उजागर करते हुए एक वैकल्पिक मानवीय दृष्टि प्रस्तुत करता है।
| 19 |
Author(s):
Dr. Laiphrakpam Nirmala Devi, Laishram Arjun Singh .
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
172-179
|
Impact of School Type and Locality on English Proficiency of Secondary School Students
Abstract
In multilingual regions like Manipur, English proficiency plays a vital role in students’ academic performance, particularly at the secondary school level, where English is the medium of instruction. This study aimed to examine the impact of school type (private vs. government) and locality (urban vs. rural) on the English language proficiency of Class X students in Thoubal District, Manipur. The objectives included comparing proficiency levels by school type and locality and assessing the overall proficiency distribution. Using a correlational research design, a stratified random sample of 366 students was selected from BSEM-affiliated schools. The English Language Proficiency Test (ELPT) was administered, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-tests. Results revealed that private school students outperformed government school students, and urban students outperformed rural students, with both differences statistically significant (p < 0.05). Proficiency levels varied widely, with 42.35% of students rated average, while others ranged from extremely low to extremely proficient. The findings highlight the influence of educational context and geographic location on language learning. The study concludes that targeted interventions, such as teacher training, increased exposure to English, and equitable resource allocation, are essential to bridge the proficiency gap and promote inclusive academic success across school settings.
| 20 |
Author(s):
Rijum Kaye, Professor Prasanta Kumar Nayak.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
180-187
|
Myth, Memory, and Cultivation: The Story of Jhum among the Galo Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh
Abstract
The paper explores the cultural relevance and mythological aspects of jhum cultivation among the Galo tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. The Galos have been practising jhum cultivation since time immemorial. Abotani, considered the first human being on earth, is said to have started the jhum cultivation with the divine aid of Mopin-Moji, the god of riches and harvest. The myth related to jhum cultivation shows the close relationship between the Galo people, their beliefs and their natural environment. This article highlights the complex mythologies explaining the origin and continuation of jhum cultivation, emphasizing the importance of this practice for the Galo community, their beliefs and traditions.
| 21 |
Author(s):
Rajni Sharma.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
188-194
|
The Dream of Viksit Bharat Mission, 2047: Key Contributions of Sangh Parivar (RSS Family)
Abstract
The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) is a volunteer organization which is commonly known as Sangh Parivar, founded by Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar in 1925, with the aim of nation building based on promoting Hindutva ideology, Indian culture, values and traditions among the people of Bharat. Before independence, its main goal was to bring freedom but after independence, the members took an oath for the development of the country in various fields. Now, RSS has become one of the largest independent organizations in the world, with millions of its members (Swayamsevaks) giving free and selfless service in different areas such as providing education, promoting Indian culture, moral values, development of rural areas, environmental conservation, emergency relief, tribal welfare, women empowerment, etc., in order to make the country a global power. This paper highlights the contributions of Sangh Parivar in the nation-building process and development of 21st century India (Viksit Bharat by 2047). The paper describes the role of RSS affiliates in building a strong and developed country.
| 22 |
Author(s):
सोमचंद, डॉ. गिरीश गौरव.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
195-201
|
भारतीय समाज में गोत्र की अवधारणा: एक अध्ययन
Abstract
भारतीय समाज और संस्कृति मानव सभ्यता की अमूल्य धरोहरों में से एक है। यदि विश्व की किसी संस्कृति को दीर्घकालिक, जीवंत और निरंतर विकसित होने वाली संस्कृति कहा जा सकता है, तो वह निस्संदेह भारतीय संस्कृति है। अपनी प्राचीनता, विविधता तथा ज्ञानपरक परंपराओं के कारण भारतीय संस्कृति ने हजारों वर्षों से समाज के संगठन और सांस्कृतिक निरंतरता को बनाए रखा है। भारत के दीर्घ इतिहास में यहाँ के लोगों ने ऐसी सामाजिक व्यवस्था और सांस्कृतिक परंपराओं का निर्माण किया है, जो अपनी मौलिकता और विशिष्टता के कारण विश्व की अन्य सभ्यताओं से भिन्न दिखाई देती हैं। भारतीय संस्कृति की विशेषता यह रही है कि इसमें ज्ञान और आध्यात्मिकता को सर्वोच्च स्थान दिया गया है। यही कारण है कि भारतीय परंपरा मूलतः ज्ञानपरक और आध्यात्मिक दृष्टिकोण से प्रेरित रही है, न कि केवल भौतिकवादी दृष्टि से। विश्व की विभिन्न संस्कृतियों में सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति के विषय में अनेक प्रकार की मान्यताएँ और व्याख्याएँ मिलती हैं, किन्तु भारतीय परंपरा में इस विषय को विशेष रूप से ऋषियों के ज्ञान से जोड़ा गया है। भारतीय वैदिक परंपरा के अनुसार सृष्टि के ज्ञान और उसके रहस्यों को सर्वप्रथम ऋषियों ने ही अनुभूत किया। आकाश में स्थित तारामंडलों के संदर्भ में भी भारतीय परंपरा में ध्रुव तारे तथा सप्तऋषि मंडल का उल्लेख मिलता है। यह प्रतीकात्मक रूप से इस विश्वास को व्यक्त करता है कि ऋषि केवल आध्यात्मिक ज्ञान के स्रोत ही नहीं थे, बल्कि वे सामाजिक एवं सांस्कृतिक परंपराओं के प्रवर्तक भी थे। वेदों के रचयिता के रूप में भी ऋषियों का उल्लेख किया जाता है, किन्तु भारतीय दार्शनिक परंपरा में उन्हें ‘मंत्रद्रष्टा’ कहा गया है, अर्थात वेदों के मंत्र उनके द्वारा रचे नहीं गए, बल्कि उनकी अंतःप्रज्ञा में प्रकट हुए। भारतीय समाज में यह मान्यता भी प्रचलित है कि जिन ऋषियों ने ज्ञान की परंपरा को प्रकाशित किया, उन्हीं से विभिन्न वंशों की उत्पत्ति भी मानी जाती है। इन वंश प्रवर्तक ऋषियों को ही गोत्र प्रवर्तक कहा जाता है। इस प्रकार गोत्र की अवधारणा भारतीय समाज में वंश परंपरा, सामाजिक पहचान और सांस्कृतिक निरंतरता से गहराई से जुड़ी हुई है। भारतीय धार्मिक ग्रंथों में विभिन्न गोत्र प्रवर्तक ऋषियों का विस्तृत वर्णन मिलता है, जिनके आधार पर भारतीय समाज की वंश परंपराओं को समझा जा सकता है।
| 23 |
Author(s):
Dr. Manoj Yadav.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Law
Page No:
202-211
|
Legal Dimensions of Digital Content Creation’s: Rights, Responsibilities, and Emerging Issues.
Abstract
The quick growth of the internet and social media networks has greatly altered how we communicate, share information, and express creativity. The creation of digital content has become a vital way for individuals to convey ideas, disseminate knowledge, and connect with audiences worldwide. Bloggers, influencers, and various online creators significantly impact public perception and the digital landscape. Nonetheless, alongside these opportunities, digital content creation has also brought up various legal issues concerning the safeguarding of rights and the duties of individuals in the online space. This research explores the legal aspects of digital content generation, emphasizing the rights and obligations tied to online communication. The study employs a doctrinal approach by analyzing current laws, legal writings, and court rulings pertinent to digital platforms and online content. Key topics like copyright protection, intellectual property rights, privacy, defamation, and cybercrime are examined to grasp how the law governs digital actions.
The research takes into account pertinent legal structures such as the Information Technology Act, 2000, the Copyright Act, 1957, and the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. Additionally, the study emphasizes new challenges like misinformation, digital piracy, online abuse, and the exploitation of social media platforms. With the rise of digital content's impact, preserving a balance between freedom of expression and legal responsibility is becoming ever more crucial.
| 24 |
Author(s):
AMIT KUMAR MAHATO.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
212-221
|
Exploring the Vidyas in Mundaka Upanishad and Prashna Upanishad
Abstract
India has long been recognized as a civilizational centre of knowledge, distinguished by its profound cultural heritage and enduring intellectual traditions, having deeply rooted foundations in the philosophical and epistemological insights of the Vedas and the Upanishads. The Upanishads are integral to the Indian knowledge system, embodying the essence of Jivan Darsana (the vision of life), serving as a source of philosophical inquiry, spiritual guidance, and ethical wisdom. Teachings of the Upanishads continue to inspire the world, shaping the intellectual and cultural landscape of India. They are not merely philosophical texts but experiential revelations that guide the seekers from avidya (ignorance) to vidya (knowledge, from the transient to the eternal, and from the individual self (atman) to the universal absolute (brahman). The present study focusses on the conception of vidya in the Mundaka Upanishad and the Prashna Upanishad occupies a central place within the Indian epistemology. The Mundaka Upanishad articulates a foundational epistemological distinction between apara vidya (knowledge of society or empirical and worldly knowledge concerned with society, culture, language, sciences, rituals, and practical disciplines that sustain social order) and para vidya (the realization of the imperishable Brahman). This classification establishes a hierarchical model of learning in Bharatiya Jnana Parampara. Para vidya is the supreme, transcendental insight that surpasses all empirical and instrumental learning, culminating in direct realization of Param Brahma and led to Moksha. Vidya in the Prashna Upanishad elaborate through six profound inquiries posed by six disciples to the Guru Maharshi Pippalada. Each question unfolds a distinct contemplative discipline or vidya, illustrating that true understanding arises through disciplined life, austerity, faith, and inquiry. i.e. Sṛṣṭi Vidya (Knowledge of Creation), Prāṇa Vidya (Knowledge of Vital Force), Praṇotpatti Vidya (Knowledge of the Origin and Function of Life-Force), Svapna-Jagrat Vidya (Knowledge of States of Consciousness), Omkāra Vidya (Knowledge of Om as a Spiritual Means), and Ṣoḍasa-Kala Puruṣa Vidya (Knowledge of the Sixteen-Part Cosmic Person).
Key Words: Vidya, Mundaka Upanishad, and Prashna Upanishad.
| 25 |
Author(s):
Payel Bhattacharjee.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Philosophy
Page No:
222-228
|
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay’s Critique and Appreciation of Sāṃkhya Philosophy
Abstract
The essay on Sāṃkhya philosophy by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay is an important contribution to modern Indian philosophical thought during the nineteenth-century Bengali Renaissance. In this work, Bankim presents the philosophy of Kapila as one of the most rational and ancient systems of Indian philosophy. He explains the fundamental concepts of Purusha and Prakriti, and the evolutionary process through which the universe emerges from the imbalance of the three gunas. At the same time, Bankim critically examines Sāṃkhya, arguing that its emphasis on liberation through knowledge and its indifference to devotion and action encouraged an overly other-worldly outlook in society. To overcome this limitation, he interprets Sāṃkhya in relation to the ethical teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, emphasizing the ideal of Karma-Yoga. Later thinkers such as Swami Vivekananda and Sri Aurobindo further reinterpreted Sāṃkhya ideas within modern spiritual and philosophical contexts.
| 26 |
Author(s):
Dr. Lipi Bhuyan.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
229-239
|
Sustainable Practices in Assam’s Bell and Brass Metal Handicrafts: A SWOT-TOWS and Triple Bottom Line Analysis”
Abstract
Abstract
The Bell and Brass metal handicrafts of Assam represent a centuries-old legacy of cultural heritage, craftsmanship, and sustainable livelihoods. This study evaluates the long-term sustainability of these traditional industries by examining economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, which included quantitative surveys of 332 artisans from Sarthebari and Hajo, as well as qualitative focus group discussions. These methods were used to assess livelihood patterns, market challenges, and perceptions of sustainability. Findings mentions that bell and brass metal units provides rural employment and keeps the culture intact. This handicraft industry faces significant challenges, including a shortage of raw materials, exploitation by middlemen, low mechanization, and limited involvement from younger generations. The SWOT–TOWS analysis was done to identify the key strategies. The study highlights that diversifying into decorative crafts can boost artisans' income while eco-friendly production methods maintain environmental balance. Using the Triple Bottom Line framework, it emphasizes the need to balance economic viability, social inclusivity, and ecological responsibility. To achieve sustainable growth, it is crucial to preserve traditional techniques, introduce design innovations, improve working conditions, and train younger artisans.
Keywords: Sustainability, Bell Metal, Brass Metal, Assam, SWOT–TOWS, Triple Bottom Line, Handicraft, GI Tag, Cultural Heritage
| 27 |
Author(s):
Chrishtina Topno.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Hindi
Page No:
240-245
|
कहानियों में आदिवासियों का जीवन संघर्ष ‘युद्धरत आम आदमी’ पत्रिका के संदर्भ में
Abstract
कहानी कहने की परंपरा आदिवासियों में पुरखा से चली आ रही है । आदिवासी कहानी मौखिक रूप से समृद्ध है । आदिवासी भाषाओं में उपलब्ध कहानियों को इस पत्रिका में अनुवाद के माध्यम से भी व्यक्त किया गया । इन कहानियों में आदिवासियों के जीवन संघर्ष को देख सकते हैं । आदिवासी लोगों के जल जंगल जमीन की पीड़ा को बखूबी से समझ सकते हैं । ‘युद्धरत आम आदमी’ पत्रिका ने हाशिये के लोगों को अपने पत्रिका में स्थान दिया है । इस पत्रिका में उल्लेखित कहानियों में राजस्थान, झारखंड, पूर्वोत्तर भारत के आदिवासियों तथा अन्य भागों के आदिवासियों के जीवन का चित्रण हुआ है। इस प्रकार देखें तो इन कहानियों में आदिवासी स्त्री, विस्थापनों, नक्सलवाद, अंधविश्वासों, जल जंगल जमीन के संघर्ष, दिकुओं के अत्याचारों और आदिवासियों की पीड़ाओं आदि को उल्लेखित किया गया है । इस पत्रिका में उल्लेखित कहानियों में शिशिर टुडु की कहानी ‘नक्सली’,विमल कुमार टोप्पो की ‘रक्तदान’, केदार प्रसाद मीणा की ‘अवत-अवतड़ी’, येशे दोर्जी थोंगची की ‘आईना’, वाल्टर भेंगरा की ‘बेबसी’ और ‘लासा’, डॉ कृष्ण चंद्र टुडु की ‘अंतिम परीक्षा’, गौर चंद्र मुर्मू की कहानी ‘देवन’ और कुंडलिका केदारी की कहानी ‘बीवी आदिवासी साहब की’ आदि है।
| 28 |
Author(s):
BALAKUMAR R, SIVASAMY R.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
246-253
|
Navigating a Racially Charged Landscape: An Examination of Racism in Jewell Parker Rhodes’ Black Brother, Black Brother
Abstract
This article examines the portrayal of racism and its effect on the titular character in Jewell Parker Rhodes' novel Black Brother, Black Brother. The novel offers a poignant exploration of race relations through the lens of twelve-year-old Donte Davis Ellison, who faces the harsh realities of racial prejudice at his predominantly white private school. The analysis draws upon both the literary text and relevant academic research to illuminate the profound impact of racism on Donte's identity and sense of belonging. It delves deep into the novel and brings out more specific examples from the novel to illustrate the impact of racism on Donte's life and experiences, and his attempts to bash through them with the help of family members and the coach. It ascertains that Donte retaliates in a constructive and pragmatic way.
| 29 |
Author(s):
Abdur Rahaman Khan.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Philosophy
Page No:
254-259
|
Shared Meanings and Individual Rights: Reconciling the Liberal Communitarian Debate
Abstract
This paper endeavours the debate between communitarianism and liberalism which developed in 1980s, revolves around a fundamental tension: whether justice should prioritise individual rights and autonomy or shared meanings, communal attachments, and the common good. This paper will focus on the probability of reconciling these apparently opposed traditions by analysing that individual rights and shared cultural understandings are not mutually exclusive but interdependent elements of a coherent theory of justice.
This paper examines the communitarian critique of liberal individualism and emphasizes on how shared meanings, cultural values, and social relationships influence the interpretation of justice. Communitarians argue that justice cannot be understood as an abstract, universal principle detached from social life; rather, it emerges from historically grounded communities and their collective understandings of the common good. Thinkers such as Michael Walzer observes that justice must be interpreted through the cultural meanings of social goods within particular societies, while Will Kymlicka argues the importance of multiculturalism and communal belonging to shape political identity and rights.
Methodologically, the conflict concerns whether justice requires universal, ahistorical principles or cultural interpretation. We can see Walzer’s sphere of justice and concept of complex equality illustrate the communitarian position that justice must begin from shared understandings within particular communities rather than external philosophical standards. However, this cultural relativism raises questions about marginalization and whether shared understandings truly represent all community members. The paper eventually suggests that meaningful reconciliation requires acknowledging both the social constitution of individuals and the importance of protecting individual rights within multicultural contexts.
| 30 |
Author(s):
Dr. Somnath Misra.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Adult and Continuing Education
Page No:
260-266
|
Values and Pedagogical Science: Integrating Ethical Perspectives in Contemporary Education
Abstract
In contemporary educational discourse, the relationship between values and pedagogical science has gained increasing attention due to rapid social and technological transformation. Pedagogical science traditionally focuses on instructional strategies, learning theories, and classroom practices, while values provide the ethical framework that guides educational objectives and human development. The present article explores the conceptual and practical relationship between values and pedagogical science and highlights the importance of integrating ethical perspectives into contemporary educational practices. Drawing on philosophical perspectives, moral development theories, and contemporary educational approaches, the study examines how teachers can cultivate ethical awareness, empathy, and responsible citizenship among learners. The article also discusses emerging challenges associated with digital technology and media environments. The analysis suggests that value-oriented pedagogy enhances students’ engagement, promotes critical thinking, and supports character development. Integrating ethical perspectives into pedagogical science is therefore essential for preparing learners to respond effectively to complex social and ethical challenges in contemporary education.
| 31 |
Author(s):
Alhadi Saren.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
267-290
|
Critical Pedagogy and Social Justice in Education: Exploring its Relevance for Transformative and Democratic Pedagogical Practices in the 21st Century
Abstract
Cultural marginalisation and the issues of promoting social justice and democratic engagement in the twenty-first century have become critical issues, so the role of education in this process has gained critical importance in the context of growing socio-economic inequalities. This work examines the philosophical basis and modern uses of critical pedagogy as a model of transformative and socially just learning. Taking a qualitative conceptual research design based on philosophical inquiry and interpretative analysis, the paper discusses the major theoretical contributions of critical pedagogy, social justice theory and transformative learning theory. As it is shown in the analysis, the critical pedagogy founded on the work of Paulo Freire and elaborated by other scholars like Giroux and McLaren, puts dialogue, critical consciousness, participatory learning, and emancipatory knowledge in the centre of the democratic education. The author identifies four key dimensions in her findings, namely development of critical consciousness, significance of dialogical and democratic pedagogical cultures, promoting socially just and inclusive learning environments, and the importance of transformative learning in developing civic engagement. The research suggests that structural inequalities and democratic participation can be addressed using critical pedagogical principles in curriculum design, teacher education, and educational policy. Moreover, it shows that critical pedagogy offers a strong normative and theoretical approach to reformulating education that is not technocratic and market-oriented. The article is relevant to the modern discourse of education, since it provides a combined system that not only connects critical pedagogy with social justice and transformative learning but also advances inclusive, equitable and democratic educational practises.
Keywords: Critical Pedagogy, Social Justice, Democratic Education, Transformative Learning, Critical Consciousness, Educational Equity
| 32 |
Author(s):
महेन्द्र पाल.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
291-299
|
पश्चिम एशिया का सामरिक संकट और वैश्विक आर्थिक प्रभाव: भारत की कूटनीतिक चुनौतियाँ और अवसर
Abstract
पश्चिम एशिया में उभरता सामरिक संकट, विशेष रूप से ईरान, इज़रायल और संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका के बीच बढ़ता तनाव, समकालीन अंतरराष्ट्रीय राजनीति का एक प्रमुख विषय बना हुआ है। यह संघर्ष केवल क्षेत्रीय सीमाओं तक सीमित नहीं है, बल्कि इसका प्रभाव वैश्विक शक्ति-संतुलन, ऊर्जा सुरक्षा और आर्थिक स्थिरता पर व्यापक रूप से पड़ रहा है।
प्रस्तुत शोध-पत्र इस संकट के ऐतिहासिक, वैचारिक तथा सामरिक कारणों का विश्लेषण करता है। साथ ही, यह अध्ययन वैश्विक अर्थव्यवस्था पर इसके प्रभावों—जैसे तेल कीमतों में उतार-चढ़ाव, आपूर्ति श्रृंखला में व्यवधान और मुद्रास्फीति—का मूल्यांकन करता है। विशेष रूप से हॉर्मुज जलडमरूमध्य जैसे महत्वपूर्ण समुद्री मार्गों पर बढ़ता तनाव वैश्विक ऊर्जा आपूर्ति के लिए गंभीर चुनौती प्रस्तुत करता है। भारतीय परिप्रेक्ष्य में, यह शोध भारत की ऊर्जा सुरक्षा, व्यापारिक हितों तथा पश्चिम एशिया में कार्यरत भारतीय प्रवासी समुदाय पर इस संकट के प्रभावों का अध्ययन करता है। भारत की “रणनीतिक स्वायत्तता” पर आधारित विदेश नीति इस संदर्भ में संतुलन बनाए रखने का प्रयास करती है। यह संकट एक बहुआयामी वैश्विक चुनौती है, जिसके समाधान के लिए प्रभावी कूटनीतिक प्रयास और बहुपक्षीय सहयोग आवश्यक हैं। साथ ही, यह भारत के लिए न केवल चुनौतियाँ, बल्कि वैश्विक भूमिका को सुदृढ़ करने के अवसर भी प्रस्तुत करता है।
| 33 |
Author(s):
Chandam Chanu Nganthoihanbi, Dr. Baishalee Rajkhowa.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
300-305
|
Place Affinity in Select Oral Narratives of the Meiteis of Manipur
Abstract
Abstract: Place has been a significant element in literary studies. Place as a concept, studies the relationship humans have with places they inhabit. Emerging through the contributions of several thinkers in humanistic geography, cultural geography and phenomenology, the study of place attempts to explore how humans experience their environment and how specific locations shape their lives. Among the several dimensions of place experience, place affinity refers to the emotional bonding which individuals form with their physical space and plays a crucial role in the shaping of ecological consciousness. The present study is an attempt to unravel the emotional attachments the Meiteis form with their physical surroundings and how these attachments nurture a deep ecological consciousness. This is pursued through the study of Tutenglon, an important folk narrative of the Meites that narrates the story of the two brothers, Yoimongba and Taothingmang who clear the channels of the Imphal and the Iril rivers. The Meiteis, one of the major ethnic communities of Manipur, possessing a rich repertoire of folk narratives that are not only transmitted orally but also in the form of manuscripts and texts. Drawing on the theoretical insights of humanistic geographers, Yi-Fu Tuan and Edward Relph, as well as Arne Naess’s concepts of self-realization and bio-egalitarianism in deep ecology, this study examines the place affinity of the Meiteis, and how such an attachment cultivates and deepens ecological consciousness among the communities.
| 34 |
Author(s):
Puskar Adhikari, Bijay Chettri.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
306-313
|
Spatial Planning for Sustainable Rural-Urban Integration: Assessing the National Rurban Mission in Khamdong Cluster, Sikkim, India
Abstract
This paper examines the spatial, infrastructural, and economic potential of the Khamdong Cluster in Sikkim using the National Rurban Mission (NRuM) as the conceptual frame. The main aim is to examine the facilities that are presently available, to identify spatial gaps and to develop long-term plans that will accommodate demographic growth up to 2041. For the study, a mixed-methods approach consisting of primary household surveys, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) mapping, and deficiency analysis against NRuM statutory guidelines was used. Findings point out a mostly farming economy that is being strangled by the lack of a localised agro-processing facility. Furthermore, water supply scarcity is noticed, which is currently being met only at 50 per cent of the 70 litres per capita per day national standard. Social infrastructure mapping has revealed substantial geographic accessibility challenges caused by mountainous areas, thus the introduction of mobile healthcare immediately has been suggested. Keeping in view the 2041 scenario of sustainable rural-urban integration, the research work has come up with spatial measures such as decentralization of cold-storage facilities, implementation of integrated rainwater harvesting systems, and provision of health care services at the primary level. In the final analysis, the article makes a case for inclusive rural growth, which can be attained through the adaptation of inflexible national policy frameworks to specific geomorphological realities of the Himalayan landscape.
| 35 |
Author(s):
Subhrajyoti Nayak.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
314-322
|
Transforming Higher Education in India: A Thematic Analysis of NEP 2020 Reforms
Abstract
The National Education Policy 2020 has proposed a comprehensive framework for transforming higher education in India through reforms focused on flexibility, inclusivity, multidisciplinary learning, and research development. This study aims to examine the key provisions of NEP 2020 related to higher education, analyse their current status of implementation, and explore the associated opportunities and challenges. Adopting a qualitative review approach, the study is based on secondary sources including policy documents, government reports, and research literature published between 2020 and 2026. The findings indicate that while significant progress has been made in areas such as digital learning, academic flexibility, and institutional development, the implementation remains uneven across institutions. The study further highlights emerging opportunities for enhancing access, innovation, and global competitiveness, alongside challenges related to infrastructure, faculty preparedness, and financial constraints. The study concludes by highlighting the need for context-sensitive and effective implementation strategies to ensure the successful realization of these reforms.
| 36 |
Author(s):
Sagarika Kumari Shaw, Chaitali Pal, Dr. Tuhin Roy.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
323-339
|
An Assessment of Geodiversity Potential and Landscape Fragmentation for Vulnerability Zonation: A Micro Scale Study from Purulia District, West Bengal, India
Abstract
Geodiversity comprises the abiotic components of landscapes and plays a crucial role in sustainable ecological systems and environmental resilience. This study evaluates landscape vulnerability by incorporating block-level geodiversity potential and landscape fragmentation across the Purulia district of West Bengal using a geospatial technology. Geodiversity potential was quantified using a geodiversity index given by Serrano and Ruiz-Flano (2007). The calculated geodiversity index was classified into five categories, from very low to very high potential, using a natural break given by Jenks within a GIS environment. Landscape fragmentation was computed using the block-wise Number of Patches (NP) landscape metric, derived from FRAGSTATS 4.10 software and the Landscape vulnerability was computed using statistical techniques. It depicts the land use intensity of each block in Purulia district. Results showing spatial heterogeneity in geodiversity potential within a district, as plateau and hilly parts represent high potential, while low land area represents low potential of abiotic components. Several blocks with high geodiversity potential represent high NP value, indicating landscape fragmentation and anthropogenic pressure. By integrating potential class and fragmentation class, this study provides the vulnerable blocks where an abundance of abiotic components coincides with high landscape disturbance. The proposed block-level landscape vulnerability study provides a simplified yet robust approach for prioritising the geo-conservation and sustainable land use interventions. This study demonstrates that integrating geodiversity potential with landscape fragmentation leads to a practical pathway for micro-level environmental planning in a plateau area such as the Purulia district.
| 37 |
Author(s):
SUMAYYA S.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Hindi
Page No:
340-344
|
दिव्यांग जीवन के विभिन्न पक्ष : ‘मैं तुम्हारी तरह’ कहानी संग्रह के परिप्रेक्ष्य में
Abstract
मानव जीवन की शुरुआत से ही मनुष्य-मनुष्य के बीच भेदभाव दृष्टिगत रहा है और उसके लिए समय-समय पर नए कारणों को भी मनुष्य ने ढूँढ निकाला है। मनुष्य होने के नाते समान स्तर का व्यवहार करना या सबको एक जैसे देखने की प्रवृत्ति कभी भी समाज में मौजूद नहीं रही है। जाति, धर्म, रंग, लिंग, देश, भाषा, क्षमता, आर्थिक दशा आदि असंख्य कारणों से मनुष्य ने ही मनुष्य को बाँटकर रखा है। इन सभी कारणों से मनुष्य के साथ जब भेदभाव होता है तब वे लोग स्वयं ही अपने अधिकारों के लिए आवाज़ उठाते हैं। इन सामाजिक सन्दर्भों को जब हम साहित्य के साथ जोड़कर देखते हैं इन्हीं शोषित लोगों की आवाज़ को साहित्य भी अपने में लेते हुए और व्यापक बनाता नज़र आता है। साहित्य में विभिन्न विमर्शों के जन्म को भी इसी के साथ जोड़कर देखा जा सकता है। यदि दिव्यांग लोगों की बात करें तो वे भी समाज का वह हिस्सा हैं जिन्हें समाज ने क्षमता के आधार पर अलग और अपने अधिकारों से सदा वंचित रखा है। उनके अधिकारों के संरक्षण की बात भी तब ही सामने आई थी जब वे खुद अपने लिए आवाज़ उठाई थी। हिंदी साहित्य भी इस आवाज़ को अपने में समाहित किया है और उनके जीवन की वास्तविकता की दस्तावेज़ीकरण करने की प्रयास कर रहा है। असल में दिव्यांग व्यक्तियों की दैनिक जीवन ही विभिन्न समस्याओं से गुज़रता है जैसा कि पारिवारिक, सामाजिक, आर्थिक, शैक्षिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक आदि। इन समस्याओं के सन्दर्भ में उनके जीवन का विश्लेषण करने से उनके जीवन की वास्तविकता समाज के सामने आ जाएगा।
| 38 |
Author(s):
Bholanath Samanta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Library and Information Science
Page No:
345-356
|
Sustainable Libraries for the Modern Era
Abstract
This paper explores the concept, principles, and significance of sustainable libraries in the context of global environmental challenges. A sustainable or green library is defined as an institution that minimizes its environmental impact while promoting social, economic, and ecological sustainability. Rooted in the broader framework of sustainable development, such libraries aim to meet present information needs without compromising future resources. The study highlights three core pillars of sustainability,- environmental, social, and economic,-emphasizing resource conservation, community engagement, and cost efficiency.
The paper outlines key objectives, including environmental protection, awareness promotion, and support for sustainable development goals. It further discusses essential principles such as energy efficiency, waste reduction, use of eco-friendly materials, and community participation. Characteristics like green building design, renewable energy use, water conservation, and digital resource integration are identified as central to sustainable library operations.
Additionally, the role of librarians is examined, emphasizing their responsibility in promoting environmental awareness, managing digital resources, and advocating sustainable practices. The benefits of sustainable libraries are analyzed across environmental, economic, and social dimensions, while challenges such as high initial costs, limited funding, lack of awareness, and technological barriers are also addressed.
The paper concludes by linking sustainable libraries to global sustainability efforts, particularly the Sustainable Development Goals, and highlights emerging trends such as smart technologies and net-zero energy buildings, indicating a transformative future for libraries as eco-conscious community hubs.
| 39 |
Author(s):
DR. GAYATRI DAS.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
357-364
|
Semiotics and Indigenous Performance: A Barthesian Analysis of Bohua/Bohuwa Dance among the Sonowal Kacharis
Abstract
This paper examines the Bohua dance of the Sonowal Kachari tribe as a complex semiotic and performative system that encodes cultural identity, myth, and ritual practice. Drawing on the ethnographic account, the study employs the theoretical frameworks of Ferdinand de Saussure, Charles Sanders Peirce, and Roland Barthes to analyze the dance as a multilayered system of signification. It further integrates performance theory through the works of Richard Schechner and Victor Turner to explore the embodied, ritualistic, and liminal dimensions of the performance.
The paper argues that Bohua dance operates as a second-order semiotic system in which mythological narratives—particularly the story of Shiva, Sati, and Daksha—are transformed into naturalized cultural meanings. Through gesture, costume, music, and ritual practices, the dance constructs a symbolic framework that communicates values of renewal, purification, and communal cohesion. The study also highlights the role of repetition and “restored behavior” in preserving cultural memory, as well as the participatory role of the audience in interpreting and sustaining meaning.
By situating Bohua dance within both semiotic and performance-theoretical paradigms, this paper demonstrates that indigenous performance traditions function as dynamic sites of meaning-making rather than static cultural artifacts. It underscores the importance of such traditions in maintaining cultural continuity and identity in the face of social and historical transformations.
| 40 |
Author(s):
Dr. Anirban Kisku.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
365-381
|
Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Philosophy of Education: Exploring their Relevance for Holistic and Transformative Pedagogical Practices in the 21st Century
Abstract
Abstract
The marginalization of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in the official education system has become a major issue in the environment of rapid globalization, technological progress, and growing cultural homogenization. This paper focuses a critical analysis of the philosophical underpinning and pedagogical usefulness of IKS in the establishment of holistic and transformative learning in the twenty- first century. The paper follows a conceptual research design of qualitative research and focuses on philosophical analysis, comparative conceptual enquiry, and thematic synthesis to address the interface of Indigenous epistemology, Holistic Education Theory, and Transformative Learning Theory.
The results indicate that IKS is a multidimensional approach to education, which facilitates cognitive, socio-emotional, cultural, ethical, and ecological growth. It helps a lot in the formation of cultural identity, epistemic justice, ecological consciousness, and development of critical consciousness among learners. In addition, the paper also emphasizes the potential of transforming curricula, pedagogy and policy in education by incorporating indigenous insights into the curriculum, teaching and learning processes as well as the learning environment to make them inclusive, context sensitive and socially responsive.
The paper suggests that Indigenous Knowledge Systems are not ancillary to reinventing education as a whole, equitable, and sustainable venture. The research will contribute to a paradigmatic shift of the 21 st century, through developing a transformative, pluralistic theory of education which can map the twenty-first century complexes.
| 41 |
Author(s):
Arvind Uniyal, Dr. Sunil Panwar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
382-402
|
Impact of Homestay Scheme on Rural Economy Through Employment Opportunities and Income Generation in Uttarakhand Garhwal
Abstract
The Homestay Scheme plays a decisive role in fostering rural economic growth, particularly in the region. This study investigates how the Homestay Scheme influences the Rural economy in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, with the help of providing employment opportunities and income generation. The research employed Smart PLS-SEM to assess the measurement and structural model, validating the relationships between variables and confirming the robustness of the proposed model. Quantitative approach using both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected from all 7 districts of the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand with a sample size of 235 respondents, selected using convenience sampling. Secondary data were sourced from the Uttarakhand Tourism site. Results reveal that the Homestay Scheme has significantly contributed to job creation and income enhancement for residents, particularly in rural and underserved areas. Moreover, the scheme plays a significant role of rural economic developer in the region through providing employment opportunities and income generation. The findings underscore the importance of further homestay program support to enhance sustainability over a long period of time and maximize their economic benefits. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to strengthen the Homestay Scheme's positive impact on rural development in Uttarakhand Garhwal.
Key Words: Homestay Tourism, Rural Employment, Income Source, Rural Economy, Garhwal-Uttarakhand.
| 42 |
Author(s):
Manish Kumar, Mukesh Kumar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
403-411
|
सतत विकास लक्ष्य: अभिवृत्तियों एवं धारणाओं का अध्ययन
Abstract
सतत विकास आज के वैश्विक परिदृश्य में अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण अवधारणा बन चुका है। पर्यावरणीय असंतुलन, संसाधनों का अंधाधुंध उपयोग, जलवायु परिवर्तन तथा सामाजिक-आर्थिक असमानताओं ने मानव समाज के सामने अनेक चुनौतियाँ उत्पन्न की हैं। इन समस्याओं के समाधान हेतु संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा वर्ष 2015 में सतत विकास लक्ष्य (Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs) को अपनाया गया, जिनका उद्देश्य वर्ष 2030 तक वैश्विक स्तर पर गरीबी उन्मूलन, पर्यावरण संरक्षण तथा समावेशी विकास को सुनिश्चित करना है। प्रस्तुत शोध आलेख का उद्देश्य सतत विकास लक्ष्यों के प्रति महात्मा गाँधी अंतरराष्ट्रीय हिंदी विश्वविद्यालय, वर्धा (महाराष्ट्र) में अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों की अभिवृत्तियों (Attitudes) एवं धारणाओं (Perceptions) का अध्ययन करना है। अध्ययन में यह समझने का प्रयास किया गया है कि समाज के विभिन्न वर्गों, विशेषकर विद्यार्थियों और शिक्षकों के बीच सतत विकास लक्ष्यों के प्रति जागरूकता, दृष्टिकोण तथा व्यवहार किस प्रकार विकसित हो रहे हैं। यह शोध मुख्यतः वर्णनात्मक (Descriptive) पद्धति पर आधारित है, जिसमें प्रश्नावली तथा साक्षात्कार के माध्यम से डेटा संग्रह किया गया है। अध्ययन के परिणामों से यह स्पष्ट होता है कि अधिकांश प्रतिभागियों में सतत विकास लक्ष्यों के प्रति सकारात्मक अभिवृत्ति पाई जाती है, किन्तु इसके संबंध में समुचित ज्ञान और व्यवहारिक क्रियान्वयन अभी भी सीमित है। विशेष रूप से शिक्षा के माध्यम से सतत विकास के सिद्धांतों को बढ़ावा देने की आवश्यकता महसूस की गई है।
अतः अध्ययन यह सुझाव देता है कि शिक्षा प्रणाली में सतत विकास के सिद्धांतों को पाठ्यक्रम, सह-पाठ्यक्रम गतिविधियों तथा सामुदायिक कार्यक्रमों के माध्यम से प्रभावी रूप से शामिल किया जाना चाहिए। इससे विद्यार्थियों में पर्यावरणीय चेतना, सामाजिक जिम्मेदारी तथा सतत जीवन शैली को अपनाने की प्रवृत्ति विकसित होगी।
मुख्य शब्द: सतत विकास, सतत विकास लक्ष्य (SDGs), अभिवृत्ति, धारणाएँ, पर्यावरणीय शिक्षा
| 43 |
Author(s):
Rupam Dutta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sanskrit
Page No:
412-422
|
Adwaita Vedānta Philosophy in the Lives and Teachings of Śrī Rāmakṛṣṇadeva and Swāmī Vivekānanda: Its Significance in the Contemporary Era
Abstract
This research paper discusses the review of Adwaita Vedānta philosophy in the lives and teachings of Śrī Rāmakṛṣṇadeva and Swāmī Vivekānanda, the similarities and differences between the Adwaita interpretations of Śrī Rāmakṛṣṇadeva and Swāmī Vivekānanda and the significance of Adwaita Vedānta Philosophy in the lives and teachings of Śrī Rāmakṛṣṇadeva and Swāmī Vivekānanda in social fields, humanitarian fields, moral fields, personal fields, mental fields, spiritual fields, philosophical fields, education field, knowledge fields, in the field of work life and modern life, in the field of religious and communal harmony, in the world and political fields e.t.c, in the contemporary era. It highlights how their personal experiences and messages emphasize the practical application of Vedānta in everyday life. It is not enough to just discuss Vedānta philosophy theoretically, we must apply Vedānta philosophy to our own lives. Both the study of Vedānta and the practice of Vedānta are in great need in this era. In the life and teachings of Śrī Rāmakṛṣṇadeva and Swāmī Vivekānanda, Adwaita Vedānta has emerged as a living, effective contemporary philosophy of life. It is no longer just a classical theory, it shows us the direction in many fields. We are now plagued by many problems. To get rid of these problems, it is imperative to integrate this Adwaita Vedānta with our ultra-modern life, only then can we live well. we must learn how to do that by observing the lives of these great people, only then will a beautiful world be built.
| 44 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sunita Rani.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
423-430
|
Literary Reflections of Society: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Fiction and Social Change
Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between literature and society through a cross-cultural analysis of fiction and its role in reflecting and shaping social change. Drawing on key theoretical frameworks, including mimetic theory, Marxist criticism, postcolonial theory, and feminist criticism, the research explores how literary texts function both as mirrors of social realities and as instruments of transformation. The paper analyses major social issues represented in global fiction, such as class inequality, gender discrimination, racial identity, colonial legacy, and political conflict, highlighting their universal relevance as well as culturally specific manifestations. Through comparative analysis of literary traditions from Western, African, Asian, and Latin American contexts, the study demonstrates that while literature is deeply rooted in particular socio-historical conditions, it also transcends boundaries by addressing shared human concerns. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the role of fiction in fostering empathy, raising social awareness, and contributing to broader cultural and ideological change. Although literature may not directly produce immediate social reforms, it plays a significant role in shaping public consciousness and encouraging critical engagement with societal issues. Ultimately, this paper argues that literature is not merely a passive reflection of society but an active participant in the ongoing process of global social transformation. By bridging cultural differences and amplifying diverse voices, fiction continues to serve as a powerful medium for understanding and addressing complex social realities in an increasingly interconnected world.
| 45 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sonam Gupta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Economics
Page No:
431-438
|
India’s Labour, Gender and Employment trend in Agriculture Sector
Abstract
The discovery of agriculture marked the beginning of a civilized life, and from independence to now, agriculture has played an indispensable role in the Indian economy, as it is the backbone of various sectors. Indian agriculture sector growth is needed for India’s economic growth. India has 60% of its land in agriculture. Globally, agriculture employed 916 million people, that is 26.1% of the total workforce in 2023 (according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)). According to the World Bank, India’s total labour workforce was estimated at 593.73 million in 2023, in which agriculture accounted 45.76% and agriculture, forestry and fishing (primary sector) contributed 16.4% in India’s GVA. Since 1991 to 2023 total employment in agriculture was decline 19.85%-point, female employment in agriculture also decline 16.05% point with male employment 21.95% point. But the female employment is more than male employment since 1991 to 2023. The research paper is based on the secondary data. The data has been taken from the related reports (World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers, Economic survey and official websites, etc.). It also shows the long-run analysis that is more than three decades. A research paper concludes that in the process of economic growth, from developing to develop nations, it is a normal phenomenon that employment shifted from agriculture sector to industrial and service sector. Despite agriculture is facing burden of labour workforce in the past decades, it gradually shifts from primary sector to secondary and tertiary sector.
