ShodhPatra: International Journal of Science and Humanities

Rural Livelihood Pattern in Pingla block of Paschim Medinipur Districts: A Special Reference to Some Villages

This study examines the patterns of rural employment and livelihood strategies in Pingla Block of Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal. Rural livelihoods are characterized by a combination of farm and non-farm activities, shaped by seasonal employment, socio-economic constraints, and emerging market opportunities. The study particularly highlights the role of traditional occupations such as agricultural labour, and informal sector activities in sustaining household income. Using a micro-level approach based on primary data, the research analyzes occupational diversification, income sources, and coping strategies adopted by rural households. It also evaluates the impact of institutional support, market access, and skill development on livelihood security. The findings indicate that dependence on agriculture alone is declining, with increasing reliance on non-farm and informal employment due to instability in farm income and limited landholding. However, these diversified strategies often remain survival-oriented rather than growth-oriented. The study concludes that while livelihood diversification enhances resilience, structural constraints such as low wages, informalization, and lack of stable employment continue to hinder sustainable rural development. Policy interventions focusing on skill enhancement, market integration, and rural industrialization are essential for improving livelihood outcomes in Pingla Block.