| 1 |
Author(s):
J. S. Jayasree.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
1-5 |
A Separate Realization and Independence: A Study of Individualism in Chetan Bhagat’s Works
Abstract
Individualism is a philosophical and social reality that improves the value of the individual over the group or culture, presenting for personality, self-reality, and freedom of an individual. This doctrine promotes the pursuit of individual goals, desires and self- satisfaction, often revealing the individuals central to moral, political and social discussions. While individualism is a real factor contrasted with collectivism and totalitarianism, it has been linked with both positive and negative factors throughout history. Critics have associated it to self-absorption and selfishness, while argue that it accelerates creativity, personal development and democratic values.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Koijam Pushparani, Dr. M. Shanti Devi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
6-16 |
Analysis of Electoral Phases in Manipur: Fragmentation, Coalition and Reconfigured Political Landscape (1948-2022)
Abstract
The article traces the evolution of the party system in Manipur from the pre-integration and post-integration period to the contemporary era. It analyses the electoral outcomes from 1948 to 2022 to map the changing dynamics of power, the persistence of coalition politics, and the recent move towards a bipolar contest dominated by national parties in the state. From the first assembly polls in 1972 onwards—the article constructs a detailed narrative of political change, continuity, and fragmentation. The article also focuses on the state-based parties, like the Manipur People’s Party (MPP) serving as a quintessential example of the promises and perils of regional politics in the state. The electoral history of Manipur reveals a political landscape in constant evolution, yet underpinned by the structural need for coalitions. The journey from a multi-party fragmented system to Congress dominance, and now to BJP pre-eminence, reflects both local political dynamics and the broader integration of the region into national political currents. This recent phase underscores the successful expansion of the BJP's national project into the Northeast and the relative decline, though not elimination, of the Congress and older regional parties like the MPP. Understanding this evolution is crucial for comprehending the intersection of regional identity, national politics, and governance in India's periphery.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Izaz Hussain.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
17-25 |
Animal Symbolism and Political Dissidence: A Comparative Study of Ian McEwan’s The Cockroach and George Orwell’s Animal Farm
Abstract
This research paper attempts to make a comparative study between Ian McEwan's The Cockroach and George Orwell's Animal Farm to examine how animal imagery is used in satirical prose, with special emphasis on political satire. It would also try to study how the literary technique named animal imagery has a significant impact on contemporary readers to interpret political meanings and contexts. The research paper would also try to shed light on the concept of dehumanization, and to delineate how humans are equated to particular animalistic traits, to highlight the corruption and filth entrenched in them. The paper would also try to interrogate how both the texts, can be read as political allegories on The Brexit and on Russian Revolution respectively. In this context, the paper would also try to depict how language becomes a political tool in the hands of the government to propagate their ideology. Through the theoretical framework of Marxism, the paper would study how various state apparatuses have been implemented to ideologically condition its subjects and thus repress them. The paper shall also try to analyze how the powerholders by employing radical policies such as 'Reversalism' in The Cockroach and ‘Revolution’ in Animal Farm, conceivably can go to any length to hold on to power. The research paper is governed by the hypothesis that even though both the novels have been placed in different historical contexts yet there is an explicit, if not implicit, critique of the government and the workings of law in it.Keywords: totalitarianism, ideology, political satire, dehumanization, state apparatus
| 4 |
Author(s):
Raghabendra Garai.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
26-33 |
A Holistic Dramatic–Cognitive Theory of Understanding Shakespeare
Abstract
The Holistic Dramatic-Cognitive Theory offers an integrative interpretive model that accounts for how meaning is generated in Shakespeare’s dramatic works through a system of interaction among textual structure, performative embodiment, historical context, and cognitive engagement. While dominant interpretive schools in Shakespeare studies—including formalism, historicism, performance criticism, psychoanalysis, and cognitive poetics—have illuminated different dimensions of Shakespeare’s dramaturgy, none has fully explained the unified mechanism through which meaning emerges. Drawing upon literary theory, theatre studies, classical poetics, and cognitive science, this theory demonstrates that Shakespeare’s works generate meaning through the dynamic interaction of structural, performative, contextual, and cognitive elements. Cognitive literary theory supports this model by showing that readers construct meaning through mental simulation, reasoning, and emotional engagement (Stockwell). Similarly, performance theory substantiates the claim that dramatic meaning is realized through embodiment rather than textual abstraction alone (McConachie). By conceptualizing interpretation as a systemic and recursive process, the theory explains the interpretive multiplicity, psychological realism, and cultural adaptability of Shakespeare’s works. It thus offers a theoretically coherent and scientifically grounded framework capable of advancing Shakespearean scholarship, pedagogy, and performance studies.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Susmita Maji.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
34-39 |
Critiquing Heteronormativity in Queer Young Adult Fiction of Casey McQuiston’s Red White & Royal Blue
Abstract
Abstract
Fictional works are a great way to raise awareness in society. They allow people to connect with different aspects of life, such as LGBTQIA+ individuals, family members, and friends. American author Casey McQuiston’s young adult romance novel Red, White & Royal Blue (2019) is well known for representing same sex love in elite society. The story of the novel Red, White & Royal Blue revolves around Alex Claremont Diaz, the son of the first Female President of the United States who is in a same-sex relationship with Prince Henry of Wales. The plot is about the so-called enemies turning into lovers, the blooming romance between these two famous and powerful public figures, and the difficulties of the same-sex relationship they faced and overcame along with Political and Royal matters. Homosexuality is a matter of convenience to addresses issues such as coming out, complexities of acceptance, hiding sexual orientation, and family, and encouraging queer individuals to be brave, proud and accept themselves. The references mentioned above explore the issues of identity, sexual orientation, self-discovery, coming to terms with them, family, friends and homophobia. They also challenge traditional gender roles and address heterosexual normativity, which legitimizes itself by subjugating and othering peoples of non-heteronormative sexuality.
Keywords: Identity, heteronormativity, sexuality exploration, self-discovery, acceptance, young adult, fictional.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Pooja Devi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Law
Page No:
40-53 |
Tea’s Bitter Truth: Health, Rights, And Women Workers in Assam’s Tea Sector
Abstract
This article, “Tea’s Bitter Truth: Health, Rights, and Women Workers in Assam’s Tea Sector,” delves into the complex realities faced by women laborers in one of India’s most significant agricultural industries. Assam’s tea sector, globally renowned and economically vital, relies heavily on women workers who form the backbone of plantation labor. The article begins by contextualizing the historical development and economic relevance of the Assam tea industry, highlighting the predominance of women in its workforce and the gendered division of labor that shapes their roles and experiences.
A central focus is placed on the multitude of health challenges confronting women tea workers. These include exposure to occupational hazards, maternal health issues, malnutrition, and the burden of mental health concerns—problems that were further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted healthcare access, heightened vulnerability to illness, and intensified social and economic insecurities. The article also examines the legal and policy frameworks intended to protect workers’ rights, such as the Plantation Labour Act and Minimum Wages Act, while critically assessing the gap between legislation and actual implementation.
Furthermore, the article explores persistent gender discrimination, economic exploitation, and barriers to leadership that women face, compounded by intersecting factors such as caste and ethnicity.. The roles of the state, corporations, and consumers are scrutinized, culminating in recommendations for policy reform, improved welfare provisions, and gender empowerment. Ultimately, the article calls for urgent and coordinated action to safeguard health and rights in Assam’s tea sector, ensuring justice and dignity for its women workers.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Sumana Mitra, Dr. Abhishek Das.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Adult and Continuing Education
Page No:
54-73 |
AI-Powered Election Manipulation: A Critical Analysis of Disinformation Tactics and Democratic Safeguards
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the electoral political scene in recent years by deploying advanced disinformation strategies that put the integrity of democracy at risk. This study aims to examine how AI-powered technologies like bots, deepfakes, and algorithmic amplification are used to influence public opinion and election results, with a particular emphasis on their effects in democratic communities. This research uses a mixed-methods approach, combining discourse analysis, network analysis, expert interviews, and policy analysis, utilizing the Framing Theory and the Computational Propaganda Framework. The study pinpoints important trends in AI-driven disinformation tactics, such as microtargeting, the spread of synthetic media, and coordinated inauthentic behavior, by looking at high-profile election case studies, such as the 2020 U.S. elections and European parliamentary campaigns. Additionally, it offers a critical analysis of the democratic safeguards that governments, civil society, and digital platforms have put in place to address these dangers, assessing their efficacy and restrictions. When confronted with the rapid evolution of digital manipulation, the results illustrate the resilience and weaknesses of democratic institutions. This research adds to the scholarly discussion by providing a nuanced perspective on the interaction between technological breakthroughs, political communication, and democratic procedures. In addition, it provides practical advice to policymakers, tech firms, and civil society organizations working to improve electoral integrity in the era of artificial intelligence.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Ms. Tanya, Prof. Monica Munjial Singh, Dr. Rameez Manzoor.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Work
Page No:
74-85 |
Digital Empowerment of Marginalised Women Workers: Pathways through Literacy and Skill Development
Abstract
Marginalised women in the unorganised sector in India continue to face structural inequalities in education, healthcare and economic participation. This paper examines the transformative potential of digital literacy and skill development for empowering women tea plantation workers. The paper critically evaluates the intersections of gender, labour, law, and digital inclusion. It examines how digital interventions, ranging from financial literacy and telehealth to skill diversification and e-commerce, can strengthen women’s bargaining power, improve health outcomes and enhance their autonomy. The paper also reviews policy frameworks, such as the Plantation Labour Act (1951), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and the Digital India initiative, assessing their role in shaping women's empowerment. Theoretical frameworks including Sen's capability approach, intersectionality and Information and Communication Technology for Development, are employed to interpret the findings. The study highlights challenges such as digital divides, patriarchal constraints and poor law enforcement, while identifying pathways for integrating digital literacy with social work practice and grassroots activism. The paper concludes that digital empowerment, when coupled with legislative enforcement and community-based interventions, can foster inclusive growth and sustainable development for marginalised women workers.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Dr. Ningthoukhongjam Sophia Devi, Dr. Nongmaithem Sanjoy Singh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
86-97 |
Skill Development and Integration of Vocational Education into Mainstream School: With Special Reference to National Education Policy 2020
Abstract
The process of acquiring, improving and enhancing a wide range of skills and competencies is term as skill development. It is to know the ability of the people and extend their support by giving them with guidance, infrastructure, opportunities and encouragement that help to get their aims. It consists of the delibrate and continuous effort to developed knowledge, expertise and capabilities in specific areas to meet the demands of one’s work or to enhance their growth and development. Again, it helps to developed attributes and qualities significant to effective performance. It plays a vital role in the development of dynamic and competitive business world of the people. The NEP 2020 emphasized on skill development, ensuring that students are not just academically inclined but are also equipped with practical skills that can enhance employability. The NEP 2020 lay more emphasizes on different significant skills with focus on 21st century skills such as critical thinking and problem solving and also give special attention on vocational education through integration and mainstreaming of vocational education with general education to guide students in getting different skills to meet the essential requirement and develop the quality of education. Vocational education plays a significant role in the enhancement of human resource of a country by making manpower skill, growth in industrial productivity and enhancing quality life. The government of India provide more importance to vocational education. The NEP also emphasized the starting of systematic, well planned and rigorously implemented vocational education programme which will bring development in employability, less in number the mismatch between demand and supply of skilled manpower and give an alternative to those having tertiary education without purpose or interest. This paper will discuss about the skill development and integration of vocational education in the mainstream education with special reference to NEP 2020.
Key words
Skill development, NEP 2020, 21st century skills, Vocational education, Mainstream school.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Dr. Anjum Sahidullah.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
98-105 |
Pro-Environmental Behaviour among Secondary School Students of Kamrup (Metropolitan) and Kamrup Districts of Assam
Abstract
Many environmental problems are anthropogenic in nature meaning that these issues are driven by human behaviour. Mankind is responsible for degradation of the environment which we are currently witnessing today. Man has to modify his behaviour from being an endless consumer of resources to a conserver of environment. Man should be committed towards the conservation of environment and should utilize his values for developing behaviour which would preserve environment. Pro-environmental behaviour can be defined as that behaviour which an individual consciously chooses for minimizing the negative effects of their actions on the environment. It can also be defined as that behaviour which is judged in the context of the considered society as a protective way of environmental behaviour or a tribute to the healthy environment. The present study is an attempt to study the pro-environmental behaviour of secondary school students with regard to gender and locality. The sample of the study consisted of 200 students of class IX affiliated to the Assam State School Education Board (Erstwhile SEBA) in Kamrup (Metropolitan) and Kamrup districts of Assam. The sample consisted of 100 female and 100 male students. Out of 200 students, 100 belonged to Kamrup (Metropolitan) and 100 belonged to Kamrup districts of Assam. The present study has followed Descriptive research method. The sample was randomly selected through stratified random sampling technique. The sample was stratified on the basis of gender and locale. Pro-environmental Behaviour Scale (PEBS-SA) developed by A. Suhane (2012) was used in the study. This study has used simple percentage method, descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as t test to analyse and interpret the data. The results revealed that the secondary school students possessed average level of Pro-Environmental Behaviour. No significant difference was found in pro- environmental behaviour of secondary school students with regard to gender and locality.
Key words: Pro-Environmental Behaviour, Gender, Secondary School students, Locality
| 11 |
Author(s):
Sharmistha Saha.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
106-111 |
Algorithmic Governance and the Architectures of Exclusion : A Study of Bio-Politics in Contemporary Indian Speculative Fiction
Abstract
This paper explores the chilling intersection of digital governance and social stratification in contemporary Indian Speculative Fiction. It investigates the emergence of “Digitised Sovereignty” in contemporary Indian Speculative Fiction specifically focusing on Prayaag Akbar’s ‘Leila’ (2017) and Lavanya Lakshminarayan’s ‘Analog/Virtual’ (2020). Michel Foucault’s paradigm of bio-politics synthesizing here with Ruha Benjamin’s concept of “New Jim Code” – recontextualized as a “New Caste Code” , this study argue that Indian Speculative Fiction maps a critical transition from physical state discipline to an automated and algorithmic governance.
This study describes the term “Techno – Casteism” as a process by which modern data-driven architectures codify historical Brahminical preoccupations with ‘Purity’ and ‘Productivity’ into unassailable code. Through an analysis of the “sector walls” in Leila and the “Social productivity bell curve” in Analog/Virtual, the paper reveals how this fictional dystopias function as ‘architectures of exclusion’. These systems do not merely manage population, they automate social stratification, effectively creating a high-tech discrimination of traditional Indian hierarchies. Ultimately this study positioned speculative fiction as a vital tool of resistance to challenge the invisible violence of digital segregation. This intervention emphasizes the urgency of scrutinizing the ‘Code’ to prevent the permanent erasure of marginalized section.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Chandan Mandal, Dr. Payel Giri, Ahammod Mallick.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
112-120 |
Man-Making and Nation-Building: Vivekananda’s Educational Vision in Today’s India
Abstract
Man-Making and Nation-Building: Vivekananda’s Educational Vision in Today’s India examines the relevance of Swami Vivekananda’s ideas in contemporary Indian education. Vivekananda believed that true education should develop character, self-confidence, moral values, and spiritual strength, which he described as “man-making.” It focuses on understanding concepts such as man-making education, value-based learning, and nation-building as proposed by Swami Vivekananda, and relates them to present educational realities. The research design used in this study is qualitative and descriptive-analytical. The study is based entirely on secondary sources, including: books and writings of Swami Vivekananda, educational philosophies and commentaries, government policy documents (especially NEP 2020), research journals, articles, theses, and reports related to education and values. The collected data will be analysed using content analysis, comparative analysis and thematic analysis. Vivekananda’s vision helps balance modern scientific and technical education with moral, spiritual, and cultural values—making education a true force for national development and human welfare. It concludes that Vivekananda’s vision remains highly relevant for modern India.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Pradip Dutta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
121-131 |
Reimagining Teacher Education in India: AI-Enabled Pedagogy, Assessment, and Human–AI Collaboration for 21st Century Classrooms
Abstract
There is an urgent need to rethink teacher education in India due to the rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which is changing educational institutions globally. The integration of AI into professional preparation frameworks, assessment systems, and pedagogical practices in teacher education is conceptually examined in this study. The study examines the potential of AI-enabled tools to promote competency-based assessment, reflective teaching practices, and individualized learning, drawing on current literature and policy viewpoints from the Ministry of Education and the National Council for Teacher Education.
The analysis highlights emerging pedagogical innovations such as adaptive learning environments, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated assessment technologies that enable real-time feedback and data-informed instructional decisions. In order to preserve human judgment, professional autonomy, and socioemotional engagement in the learning process, the study highlights that AI should work as a collaborative partner rather than a replacement for educators.
Based on a synthesis of literature and theoretical frameworks, the study proposes an AI-Integrated Teacher Education Model (AITEM) structured around four interrelated pillars: AI-enabled pedagogy, smart competency-based assessment, teacher AI literacy and professional development, and ethical human-centred governance. The study makes the case that balanced human-AI partnership, which enhances teaching efficacy while guaranteeing the ethical and responsible use of emerging technology, is the key to the future of teacher education in India.
| 14 |
Author(s):
Meenakshi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
132-143 |
Caste Playing Significant Role in Creating Gender Identity in India
Abstract
This research article examines the intricate relationship between gender identity and caste, emphasizing the influence of caste systems on the establishment, maintenance, and negotiation of gender roles in society. This investigation investigates the impact of historical, cultural, and socio-political factors on the intersection of gender and caste through historiographical analysis and interdisciplinary literature. The paper analyzes the substantial contributions made by researchers throughout history, with a particular emphasis on the evolution of concepts regarding caste as a determinant of gender identity. The systemic mechanisms through which caste sustains gendered hierarchies are the focus of this research, which employs qualitative and interpretive approaches to conduct textual analysis, ethnographic investigations, and archival research.
The results suggest that gender norms are consistently reinforced through caste-related activities, such as school and public space access, labor divisions, and marriage customs. Additionally, they disclose stories of resistance that challenge these frameworks. The discourse contextualizes these discoveries within comprehensive discussions of caste politics, patriarchy, and intersectionality, with a particular emphasis on Dalit feminist critiques. This paper argues that a nuanced understanding of caste is essential, as it is a critical aspect of identity that intersects with gender. It encourages policymakers and scholars to address these intricate disparities in order to promote a more equitable society.
Keywords: socio-political factors, historiographical analysis, gender identity, Dalit feminist critiques, ethnographic investigations
| 15 |
Author(s):
Dr. Garima Kalita.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Humanities
Page No:
144-151 |
Driving Pleasure to the Precipice: Disjunction of Culture in Crisis
Abstract
The double edged sword of capitalism despite its pre oriented drive for pleasure at moments
sees through the double binding of catastrophe and extinction and professes the yearning for
the new civilizational process of co existence and inclusivity among human and the non human.
But how durable or sustainable that ‘reality ‘is perhaps is the vital question that needs to be
probed here. Freudian ‘Pleasure Principle’ and the contrastively connoted ‘Reality Principle’ are
two such tenable axises that could be read alongside the individual and collective conscious
with deep subterranean trajectories now in the contemporary time of Anthropocene! Desire,
like capital becomes autonomous beyond conscious human intervention and moves along the
tidal wave of profit , utility and self centric pragmatism and loses itself in the dark hole of self
extinction bringing cataclysmic threat for an overall tragedy. Freud cited in his momentous
treatise Civilization and Its Discontent , the dialectic of Eros and Thanatos and on the same
plane brings his “Beyond the pleasure principle”, which as he says reiterates or insists
repetition as a compulsive drive. He also refers to this principle of pleasure as the core drive
that entails the “purpose of life”. But he also poses a counter premise and that is, It governs ‘
the functioning of the mind. But what is important and most relevant here is that , as said by
him , all the institutions of the universe are opposed to the idea of man being ‘happy’ , because
there is no such plan in the creation ! And it cannot be realized.
So with this self centric agenda , humans or maybe the lords of the capital could now put up
with a last endeavor to stall the self destructive victory march that would hurl everyone down
the precipice.To revert this maybe the same norms need to be revoked , same ethics applied to the individual
and the collective . In the wake of the crisis unfolding before the world , the endless growth
capitalism needs to be curbed by rigid social and moral code of conduct , a rationalization of
consumption , sustainable water distribution in equitable manner and production of renewable
energy sources along with infrastructure development at a minimum pace etc. “ So ultimately
the pleasure principle has to temper itself and under the influence of the external world
transforms into “ the more modest ‘reality principle’. So our contention is ,the mad onrush of
‘Pleasure hunters’ needs to be curtailed, their desire for profit alone needs to be dissipated, for
a broader human benefit that would be availed by both human and the non human. This honest
partaking of the resources is the strict imperative in this moment of crisis.Keywords : Anthropocene, Capital, Desire, Pleasure , Real and Reality
| 16 |
Author(s):
Dr. Rakesh Kumar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
152-157 |
Strategic Autonomy Revisited: India’s Geopolitical Balancing Between Russia, the West, and China in the Post–Ukraine War International Order
Abstract
The foreign policy of India since the Ukraine War has shown an extremely subtle way of maintaining strategic autonomy while at the same time attempting to balance out long-standing relationships with Russia on one hand and increasing involvement with the West on the other while exercising extreme caution with respect to the development of India-China relations. This research will be examining how the invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022 has caused the world to become increasingly more polarized which is causing India to have to continue to attempt to navigate the tensions of being in a multipolar world and to avoid completely being aligned with any of the major power blocks. Historical alliances as well as the current changes in the geopolitical landscape are analyzed to illustrate the many ways in which India is currently attempting to maintain its dependence on Russia for defense, as well as increase its economic and security cooperation with the West, as well as to reduce the tensions with China on the border. It is found in this study that India's actions to remain neutral (or balanced) between competing powers will strengthen India's place in a multipolar world; however, India still faces many obstacles in the form of the growing alignment between China and Russia. Therefore, the approach that India has taken will not only preserve India's autonomy, but it will also contribute to the stabilization of the world through the creation of multi-alliance approaches.
| 17 |
Author(s):
Neha.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Gender Studies
Page No:
158-164 |
When the Subaltern Speaks: Subverting Power Structures in Mahasweta Devi’s “Dhouli”
Abstract
This paper reads Mahasweta Devi’s short story “Dhouli” as a text that brings a silenced, subaltern subject into the field of representation and thereby challenges the power structures that sustain her marginalization. Using Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s theoretical idea of the “subaltern”,the paper argues that Devi not only uses narrative perspective, characterization, and social detail to make Dhouli’s suffering visible,she also complicates the idea that the subaltern can be simply “given a voice” by elite discourses. The analysis shows how Dhouli documents everyday injustices (rape, abandonment, starvation, social ostracism) and stages small acts of resistance that unsettle the logic of caste, patriarchy, and class. The story performs a kind of ethical witnessing as it refuses to reduce Dhouli to a passive object of pity and compels readers to recognise the structural causes of her suffering and the agency she exercises in survival and refusal.
| 18 |
Author(s):
प्रियंका श्रीवास्तव .
Country:
India
Research Area:
Hindi
Page No:
165-171 |
बाज़ारवादी संस्कृति और 21वीं सदी का स्त्री लेखन : मानवीय संवेदनाओं का संकट
Abstract
शोध सार
भूमंडलीकरण के पश्चात विकसित हुई बाजारवादी संस्कृति ने समाज की संरचना व मूल्यबोध को गहरे स्तर पर प्रभावित किया है। यह संस्कृति आवश्यकता के अनुरूप बाजार के निर्माण के स्थान पर बाजार की उपलब्धता के अनुसार आवश्यकताओं का निर्माण करती है, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप व्यक्ति उपभोक्ता में रूपांतरित हो गया है। भारत जैसे विकासशील देश में इसका प्रभाव विशेषतः मध्यवर्ग और स्त्री जीवन पर अधिक गहरा पड़ा है। 21वीं सदी के हिंदी स्त्री लेखन ने इस बाजार संचालित सभ्यता, उपभोक्तावाद, विज्ञापन संस्कृति, सौंदर्य के विकृत प्रतिमानों, नशा, अपराध और मानव तस्करी जैसी समस्याओं को न केवल रेखांकित किया है, बल्कि इनके विरुद्ध प्रतिरोध का स्वर भी निर्मित किया है। यह शोध-पत्र अलका सरावगी, निर्मला भुराड़िया, अल्पना मिश्र, मधु कांकरिया, जयश्री राय, अनामिका आदि लेखिकाओं की रचनाओं के माध्यम से यह विश्लेषण करता है कि किस प्रकार बाजारवादी संस्कृति मानवीय संवेदनाओं के क्षरण का कारण बन रही है और स्त्री लेखन इस संकट को उजागर करते हुए एक वैकल्पिक मानवीय दृष्टि प्रस्तुत करता है।
| 19 |
Author(s):
Dr. Laiphrakpam Nirmala Devi, Laishram Arjun Singh .
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
172-179 |
Impact of School Type and Locality on English Proficiency of Secondary School Students
Abstract
In multilingual regions like Manipur, English proficiency plays a vital role in students’ academic performance, particularly at the secondary school level, where English is the medium of instruction. This study aimed to examine the impact of school type (private vs. government) and locality (urban vs. rural) on the English language proficiency of Class X students in Thoubal District, Manipur. The objectives included comparing proficiency levels by school type and locality and assessing the overall proficiency distribution. Using a correlational research design, a stratified random sample of 366 students was selected from BSEM-affiliated schools. The English Language Proficiency Test (ELPT) was administered, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-tests. Results revealed that private school students outperformed government school students, and urban students outperformed rural students, with both differences statistically significant (p < 0.05). Proficiency levels varied widely, with 42.35% of students rated average, while others ranged from extremely low to extremely proficient. The findings highlight the influence of educational context and geographic location on language learning. The study concludes that targeted interventions, such as teacher training, increased exposure to English, and equitable resource allocation, are essential to bridge the proficiency gap and promote inclusive academic success across school settings.
| 20 |
Author(s):
Rijum Kaye, Professor Prasanta Kumar Nayak.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
180-187 |
Myth, Memory, and Cultivation: The Story of Jhum among the Galo Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh
Abstract
The paper explores the cultural relevance and mythological aspects of jhum cultivation among the Galo tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. The Galos have been practising jhum cultivation since time immemorial. Abotani, considered the first human being on earth, is said to have started the jhum cultivation with the divine aid of Mopin-Moji, the god of riches and harvest. The myth related to jhum cultivation shows the close relationship between the Galo people, their beliefs and their natural environment. This article highlights the complex mythologies explaining the origin and continuation of jhum cultivation, emphasizing the importance of this practice for the Galo community, their beliefs and traditions.
